In Tatarstan, a ten-day thematic diabetes prevention campaign launched
From November 9 to 18, 2020, the Republic of Tatarstan hosts a thematic ten-day campaign related to diabetes prevention, timed to coincide with World Diabetes Day, November 14.
Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease caused by a lack of insulin in the body or its decreased action. As a result, the body loses the ability to absorb carbohydrates properly. In this case, the metabolism is disturbed, the blood glucose level, hyperglycemia, increases. Usually, glucose is a universal source of biological fuel for every cell in the body. In such a metabolic disorder, sugar can not be absorbed by the cells in the right amount. Cells of the body start to "starve". As a result, a person begins to lose weight; experiences weakness and rapid fatigue. Eating food causes another increase in blood glucose levels, maintaining a vicious circle of mutually reinforcing symptoms.
There are two forms of diabetes, type 1 and type 2.
Diabetes of the 1st type, as a rule, occurs in childhood or youth.
The 2nd type of diabetes mellitus is a disease of adults, develops mainly after 40 years.
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes are:
- obesity; physical inactivity; hypertension; choice of sweet and very caloric food; mental trauma, long-term nervous system overstrain; alcohol, smoking.
The risk group includes persons who are:
- overweight;
- and those who are with the hereditary factor.
Symptoms of diabetes:
- general weakness,
- hyperhidrosis,
- constant thirst,
- increased urination,
- decrease or increase of body mass,
- increased appetite,
- itching of the skin, mucous membranes and genitals,
- leg muscles cramps,
- visual disturbances.
Complications of diabetes.
If a diabetic patient does not accept the doctor's treatment, does not follow the diet, does not exercise, does not control blood sugar, he may develop complications. During diabetes mellitus, all vessels and nervous systems suffer because of high blood sugar content. A peculiarity of diabetes is frequent damage to the vessels of the eyes, heart, lower extremities, and nervous system, which leads to loss of ability to work and even disability.
Prevention of diabetes.
With the 2d type of diabetes mellitus it is necessary:
- to maintain normal body weight and to reduce excess weight;
- to limit or even exclude all sugar-containing products, sweet drinks, flour, and smoked products;
- to quit smoking, alcoholic beverages, and beer;
- to be more physically active.
Specialists recommend to determine the blood sugar levels twice a year for patients who are:
- older than 40 years,
- had hereditary predisposition to diabetes,
- obese people.